Retorica y argumentacion juridica
This page intentionally left blank
PreMBA Analytical Primer
Essential Quantitative Concepts for Business Math
Regina Treviño
PREMBA ANALYTICAL PRIMER
Copyright © Regina Treviño, 2008. All rights reserved. First published in 2008 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives …ver más…
and Income Statement 2.10.2 Nominal and Real Economic Variables Application 2.12 Nominal and Real GDP 2.11 Comparative Statics Analysis Application 2.13 Shifting the Demand and Supply Curves Practice Exercises Statistical Analysis Primer 3.1 Elements of Statistics 3.2 Sigma Notation
39 39 40 45 45 45 47 47 49 50 52 54 55 57 59 60 60 61 62 64 66 67 69 70 71 71 72 73 73 74 76 77 77 77 77 79 79 81 83 83 84
3
CONTENTS
ix
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8
Measures of Central Tendency Frequency Tables and Histograms Measures of Variability Measures of Association Probability Essentials Discrete Random Variables 3.8.1 Discrete Random Variables and Expected Value 3.8.2 Discrete Random Variables and Variance 3.8.3 Decision Tree Basics 3.9 Continuous Random Variables 3.9.1 The Normal Distribution 3.9.2 Standardizing: z-Values 3.9.3 Standard Normal Tables and z-Values 3.10 An Introduction to Estimation 3.10.1 The Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean 3.11 Regression Analysis 3.11.1 Simple Linear Regression 3.12 Hypothesis Testing 3.12.1 Types of Errors 3.12.2 Significance from p-Values Practice Exercises 4 Mathematics of Finance 4.1 Time Value of Money 4.1.1 Present Value 4.1.2 Future Value 4.2 Nominal and Real Rates of Interest 4.3 Compound Interest 4.3.1 Continuous Compounding 4.3.2 Effective Interest Rate 4.4 Annuities 4.4.1 Amortization of Loans 4.5 Perpetuities 4.5.1 Growing Perpetuities 4.6 Net Present Value 4.6.1 Discounted Cash Flow 4.6.2 Risk-Adjusted Discount